Prokrastinasi Akademik Siswa SMK: Media Sosial, Efikasi Diri, Konformitas, dan Moderasi Kontrol Diri

Siti Suryani; Mardi; Khansha Sindra Irfani

doi:10.33506/jq.v15i1.6013

Authors

Siti Suryani UNJ
Mardi
Khansha Sindra Irfani

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33506/jq.v15i1.6013

Abstract

Task delay among vocational learners runs parallel to the rising intensity of social media use, yet their link remains loosely mapped. This study weighed social media use intensity, self-efficacy, and peer conformity against academic procrastination, and tested self-control as a moderating variable. A quantitative survey reached 152 grade-eleven learners of the Accounting and Financial Institution cluster in three state vocational schools in Central Jakarta, drawn by proportional random sampling. A five-point Likert questionnaire supplied the data, which were processed through Partial Least Square structural equation modelling in SmartPLS. Social media use intensity and peer conformity move in the same direction as delaying behaviour, whereas self-efficacy moves against it; all three are significant. Self-control interaction terms are negative and significant along every path, and the model accounts for 78.2 per cent of the variance. Strengthening self-control therefore deserves to sit at the centre of any intervention.

References

Achmad, N., & Dewi, D. K. (2022). Hubungan intensitas penggunaan media sosial terhadap prokrastinasi akademik pada mahasiswa yang menyelesaikan skripsi. Character: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 9(7), 96–106. https://doi.org/10.26740/cjpp.v9i7.48071

Anjani, E. T. (2023). Pengaruh manajemen waktu belajar dalam peningkatan kedisiplinan dan prestasi pada siswa SMA/SMK. Karimah Tauhid, 2(5), 1447–1454. https://doi.org/10.30997/karimahtauhid.v2i5.8946

Arfah, T., Tamar, M., & Norhafizah. (2022). Contribution of peer conformity to student's academic procrastination. Proceedings of the Interdisciplinary Conference of Psychology, Health, and Social Science (ICPHS 2021), 18–23. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220203.004

Aryawan, F. N. (2023). Overcoming the challenges of vocational education in Indonesian SMK: Ideas on curriculum improvement, teaching quality, and English language teaching. Journal of Policy and Leadership in Education, 1(1), 243–252. https://www.digitalpress.gaes-edu.com/index.php/jpled/article/view/226

Averill, J. R. (1973). Personal control over aversive stimuli and its relationship to stress. Psychological Bulletin, 80(4), 286–303. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0034845

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W. H. Freeman.

Capuano, C., & Chekroun, P. (2024). A systematic review of research on conformity. International Review of Social Psychology, 37(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.5334/irsp.874

Cutipa-Flores, T., Fabian-Osorio, L., Navarro-Cárdenas, M. A., & Abanto-Ramírez, C. D. (2025). Academic engagement and academic self-efficacy as predictors of academic procrastination in Peruvian adolescents. Frontiers in Education, 10, 1533810. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1533810

Ferrari, J. R., Johnson, J. L., & McCown, W. G. (1995). Procrastination and task avoidance: Theory, research, and treatment. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0227-6

Ghozali, I. (2021). Partial least squares: Konsep, teknik dan aplikasi menggunakan program SmartPLS 3.2.9 (Ed. 3). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Ghufron, M. N., & Risnawita, R. (2022). Teori-teori psikologi. Ar-Ruzz Media.

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7

Hutasoit, R. (2025). Media consumption in Indonesia 2025: Screens, streams, and scrolls. YouGov. https://business.yougov.com

Kemp, S. (2024). Digital 2024: Indonesia. DataReportal. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2024-indonesia

Krisdayanti, N., Sadijah, N. A., & Minarsih, Y. (2024). Pengaruh konformitas teman sebaya dan manajemen waktu terhadap prokrastinasi akademik pada siswa di SMK Bina Karya 1 Karawang. Jurnal Psikologi dan Konseling West Science, 2(3), 115–127. https://doi.org/10.58812/jpkws.v2i03.1445

Laili, U., Suhadianto, & Pratikto, H. (2025). Prokrastinasi akademik pada siswa SMA: Peran efikasi diri dan konformitas teman sebaya. JIWA: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 3(3), 1–12. https://jurnal.untag-sby.ac.id/index.php/jiwa/article/view/133278

Laursen, B., & Veenstra, R. (2023). In defense of peer influence: The unheralded benefits of conformity. Child Development Perspectives, 17(1), 74–80. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12477

Ma, Y., Yang, X. M., Hong, L., & Tang, R. J. (2022). The influence of stress perception on academic procrastination in postgraduate students: The role of self-efficacy for self-regulated learning and self-control. International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting, 2022, 6722805. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6722805

Masfufah, M. L., Budiono, A. N., & Swastinah, T. (2023). Hubungan intensitas penggunaan media sosial dengan prokrastinasi akademik siswa kelas X IPS MA Ma'arif Annur Jember. Ristekdik: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling, 8(4), 568–574. https://doi.org/10.31604/ristekdik.2023.v8i4.568-574

Myers, D. G., & Twenge, J. M. (2022). Social psychology (14th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.

Nabila, N. N., Sugiarti, L. R., & Erlangga, E. (2025). Pengaruh regulasi diri dan konformitas teman sebaya terhadap prokrastinasi akademik dengan smartphone addiction sebagai variabel intervening. Jamparing, 3(1), 426–445. https://doi.org/10.57235/jamparing.v3i1.5177

Novitasari, & Laili, N. (2025). Hubungan kontrol diri dan konformitas dengan prokrastinasi akademik pada mahasiswa perguruan tinggi swasta di Sidoarjo [Preprint]. UMSIDA Preprints Server. https://archive.umsida.ac.id/index.php/archive/preprint/view/7791

Nuralawiyah, S., Sadiah, A., & Gumilar, R. (2026). Peran self-control dalam memoderasi pengaruh intensitas penggunaan media sosial terhadap prokrastinasi akademik mahasiswa. Ekspektasi: Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi, 11(1), 83–95. https://doi.org/10.37478/jpe.v11i1.8083

Nurhayani, U., Sitompul, H. P., Nurwendary, W., Herliani, R., Silalahi, S. A., & Tharifah, N. T. (2025). Personal, academic and environmental factors as determinants of perceived complexity in accounting courses. JUPIIS: Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 17(2), 204–212. https://doi.org/10.24114/jupiis.v17i2.68651

Paraera, M. D. N., & Pedhu, Y. (2025). Intensitas penggunaan media sosial dan prokrastinasi akademik: Sebuah analisis empiris. Psiko Edukasi, 23(1), 69–85. https://doi.org/10.25170/psikoedukasi.v23i1.6890

Permata, R. A., Matulessy, A., & Suhadianto. (2024). Efikasi diri dan intensitas media sosial: Faktor penentu prokrastinasi akademik siswa sekolah menengah atas. JIWA: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 2(4), 19–29. https://jurnal.untag-sby.ac.id/index.php/jiwa/article/download/12499/7301

Rahmawati, I. P. N., & Sohidin, S. (2025). Pengaruh intensitas penggunaan smartphone dan media sosial terhadap prokrastinasi akademik pada siswa kelas XI Program Keahlian Akuntansi Keuangan dan Lembaga di SMKN 1 Karanganyar. JPPak: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Akuntansi, 5(1), 32–43. https://doi.org/10.20961/jppak.v5i1.102640

Ramadhan, I. Y., Grahani, F. O., & Agustin, A. (2023). Konformitas teman sebaya dengan prokrastinasi akademik pada siswa SMP di Surabaya. Jurnal Psikologi Wijaya Putra, 4(2), 76–83.

Ramadhanti, F. L., Matulessy, A., & Suhadianto, S. (2024). Kontrol diri, efikasi diri, dan prokrastinasi akademik pada mahasiswa. JIWA: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 2(1), 172–184. https://doi.org/10.30996/jiwa.v2i1.10436

Rasouli, A., Nejad-Ebrahim Soumee, Z., Tirgari Seraji, H., Ghorbani, M. R., & Moradi, A. (2025). The self-control bridge: Connecting social media use to academic procrastination. Psychological Reports, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941251330538

Rohana, F., Kristiani, & Wardani, D. P. C. K. (2023). Pengaruh intensitas penggunaan media sosial, dukungan orang tua, dan konformitas teman sebaya terhadap prokrastinasi akademik dalam penyelesaian skripsi mahasiswa. Journal of Education, 6(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v6i1.4199

Salsabila, D., Faslah, R., & Yohana, C. (2023). Pengaruh efikasi diri dan manajemen waktu terhadap prokrastinasi akademik di SMKN 31 Jakarta. Berajah Journal, 3(1), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.47353/bj.v3i1.205

Salsabila, J., & Firman, F. (2023). Hubungan efikasi diri dengan prokrastinasi akademik siswa di era new normal di SMAN 2 Painan. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 7(2), 16323–16332. https://jptam.org/index.php/jptam/article/view/8953

Sirois, F. M. (2023). Procrastination and stress: A conceptual review of why context matters. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(6), 5031. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20065031

Solomon, L. J., & Rothblum, E. D. (1984). Academic procrastination: Frequency and cognitive-behavioral correlates. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31(4), 503–509. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.31.4.503

Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination: A meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 65–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.65

Sugiyono. (2025). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D (Ed. 2, Cet. 7). Alfabeta.

Sukma, N., Fauzi, A. N., & Mardi. (2023). Analysis of academic procrastination (An overview through self-regulation and self-efficacy) in accounting students at vocational high schools. Journal of Humanities, Social Sciences and Business, 2(2), 267–278. https://doi.org/10.55047/jhssb.v2i2.550

Susanto, R., Susanti, S., & Handarini, D. (2024). Pengaruh intensitas penggunaan media sosial TikTok, self-regulated learning dan internal locus of control terhadap prokrastinasi akademik pada SMK Negeri di Jakarta Utara. EKOMA: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi, 3(6), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.56799/ekoma.v3i6.5255

Svartdal, F., & Løkke, J. A. (2022). The ABC of academic procrastination: Functional analysis of a detrimental habit. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1019261. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1019261

Tang, Y., Xu, Z., Xu, J., & Zhang, H. (2025). Peer attachment and adolescent academic achievement: A moderated mediation model of academic procrastination and self-control. Journal for the Study of Education and Development, 48(2), 312–334. https://doi.org/10.1177/02103702251319634

Usop, D. S., & Astuti, A. D. (2022). Pengaruh self-regulated learning, intensitas penggunaan media sosial, dan motivasi belajar terhadap prokrastinasi akademik mahasiswa. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 7(3c), 1782–1790. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v7i3c.839

Warren, C. S., Reeve, J. M., & Duchac, J. (2023). Accounting (29th ed.). Cengage Learning.

Ye, Z., Chi, S., Ma, X., & Pan, L. (2025). The impact of basic psychological needs on academic procrastination: The sequential mediating role of anxiety and self-control. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1576619. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1576619

Zabar, M. A., Gumilar, G., & Nurdianti, R. R. S. (2025). The moderating role of peer social support on the effect of self-control on academic procrastination. Jurnal Bikotetik, 9(2), 264–275. https://doi.org/10.26740/bikotetik.v9n2.p264-275

Zhao, L., Huang, J., Wang, Y., & Chen, X. (2024). Academic stress, emotional states, and self-efficacy among adolescents: A cross-cultural study. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1298742. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1298742