Sacred Justice: The Autonomy of Traditional Villages in Resolving Customary Disputes in Bali
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33506/js.v11i3.4326Keywords:
Adat villages, Customary law, Autonomy, Legal certaintyAbstract
The aim of this study is a fundamental part of Indonesia's state structure, as it has existed since Indonesia's independence and has been recognized within the legal framework. This recognition is enshrined in Article 18B of the 1945 Constitution and reinforced by Law No. 6 of 2014 on Villages. In Bali, customary law communities, known as krama desa, have special rights, including autonomous governance over local affairs. This study focuses on the autonomy of customary villages in Bali, particularly in resolving customary disputes.
The study method used is normative legal research with a legislative approach, analyzing the legal provisions governing customary villages and their dispute resolution mechanisms.
The novelty of this research contributes to the discourse on legal certainty and justice for customary law communities by clarifying the extent of the authority of customary villages in resolving customary law violations.
The results of the study indicate that customary villages in Bali have legal authority to resolve customary law violations, as stipulated in Article 104(d) of the Village Law and Article 24(l) of the Bali Customary Village Regulation. This affirms their role in maintaining order through customary law traditions.
In conclusion traditional villages in Indonesia, including in Bali, are constitutionally recognized and granted autonomy in governance and dispute resolution. To enhance legal certainty, traditional villages should establish clear procedural guidelines (awig-awig) for resolving disputes through traditional deliberative assemblies (paruman adat). This approach can ensure justice while maintaining environmental and social harmony within the customary legal system.
References
A.A. Istri Eka Krisna Yanti. “Kewenangan Pengelolaan Desa Wisata Dalam Perspektif Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Bali Nomor 4 Tahun 2019 Tentang Desa Adat Di Bali.” Kerta Dyatmika 16, no. 2 (2020): 59–68. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46650/kd.16.2.738.59-68.
Albar Andi Ardillah. “Dinamika Mekanisme Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Dalam Konteks Hukum Bisnis Internasional.” Jurnal Hukum Kenotariatan 1, no. 1 (2019): 18–32.
Amriani, Nurmaningsih. “Mediasi Alternatif PenyelesaianSengketa Perdata Di Pengadilan.” In Mediasi Alternatif PenyelesaianSengketa Perdata Di Pengadilan, 13. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2012.
Apsaridewi, Komang Indra, Ni Luh, Made Elida, and I Putu Sastra Wibawa. “Interaksi Hukum Daerah Dan Hukum Adat Dalam Sistem Pengamanan Terpadu Berbasis Desa Adat (Sipandu Beradat) Di Bali” 5, no. 2 (2022): 77–90. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32795/vw.v5i2.3409.
B. Ter Haar Bzn. Asas-Asas Dan Tatanan Hukum Adat. Asas-Asas Dan Tatanan Hukum Adat. Bandung: Mandar Maju, 2011.
Bedner, Adriaan, and Stijn van Huis. “The Return of the Native in Indonesian Law: Indigenous Communities in Indonesian Legislation.” Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land- En Volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 164, no. 2 (2008): 165–93. https://doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003655.
Danil, E. “Konstitusionalitas Penerapan Hukum Adat Dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Pidana.” Jurnal Konstitusi 9, no. 3 (2012): 583–96.
Dewa Nyoman Rai Asmara Putra, Sitari Candra Dewi. “PROBLEMATIKA MODEL PENYELESAIN SENGKETA PEMILIHAN KEPALA DESA,” no. 1516051049 (2014): 1–18.
Gede Dewangga Prahasta Dyatmika, Imam Kuswahyono, M. Hamidi Masykur. “PERAN KEPALA ADAT DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA TANAH NEPANG ANTARA DESA ADOBALA DENGAN DESA REDONTENA DI KECAMATAN KLUBAGOLIT, ADONARA (Studi Di Kabupaten Flores Timur, Nusa Tenggara Timur).” PERAN KEPALA ADAT DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA TANAH NEPANG ANTARA DESA ADOBALA DENGAN DESA REDONTENA DI KECAMATAN KLUBAGOLIT, ADONARA (Studi Di Kabupaten Flores Timur, Nusa Tenggara Timur) 1, no. 14 June 2015 (2015): 1–20. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/11715904.pdf.
Hadikusuma, Hilman. Pengantar Ilmu Hukum Adat Indonesia (Edisi Revisi). Pengantar Ilmu Hukum Adat Indonesia (Edisi Revisi). Bandung: Mandar Maju, 2014.
I GUSTI AGUNG PUTU SUTARJA. “LEGALITAS DAN IMPLEMENTASI PUNGUTAN DESA ADAT TERHADAP PENDUDUK NONPERMANEN DI WILAYAH DESA ADAT KEROBOKAN” 18, no. 1 (2021): 68–80.
I Gusti Ayu Stefani Ratna Maharani. “PENGADOPSIAN MEDIASI SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA DALAM RANAH PENYELESAIAN KONFLIK HUKUM ADAT DI BALI ADOPTION.” Rewang Rencang : Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis 5, no. 3 (2024): 1–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56370/jhlg.v5i3.586.
I Made Restu Putra, I Wayan Arthanaya, Luh Putu Suryani. “HUBUNGAN FUNGSIONAL DESA PAKRAMAN DENGAN DESA DINAS DALAM PELAKSANAAN PEMBANGUNAN DI DESA PERERENAN MENURUT UU NO. 6 TAHUN 2014” 1, no. 2 (2020): 426–30.
Iswara, I Made Agus Mahendra. “Nilai-Nilai Keadilan Restoratif Dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Adat Bali.” In Nilai-Nilai Keadilan Restoratif Dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Adat Bali, 27. Yogyakarta: Ruas Media, 2017.
Jamie S. Davidson, David Henley. The Revival of Tradition in Indonesian Politics The. Solutions. Vol. 3, 2007.
Lumira, Holys Abdiel. “PENYELESAIAN KASUS PERUNDUNGAN TERHADAP PELAKU ANAK (STUDI PERBANDINGAN ANTARA HUKUM ADAT BALI DENGAN HUKUM NASIONAL).” Universitas Atma Jaya, 2023.
Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. “Penelitian Hukum.” In Penelitian Hukum, 35. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada, 2010.
Nugraha, Agni Yoga, and Kushandajani. “Analisis Relasi Majelis Desa Adat (MDA) Kabupaten Badung Dan Pemerintah Kabupaten Badung Ddalam Pengambangan Pariwisata Daerah.” Journal of Politic and Government Studies 13, no. 2 (2024): 228. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jpgs/article/view/43285.
Prana Suta Arsadi, I Putu, Ketut Sudiatmaka, and Ratna Artha Windari. “PERAN DESA PAKRAMAN DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SENGKETA TANAH ADAT DI DESA BUNGKULAN, KABUPATEN BULELENG.” Jurnal Komunitas Yustisia 1, no. 1 (September 21, 2020): 21. https://doi.org/10.23887/jatayu.v1i1.28655.
PROVINSI BALI. PERATURAN DAERAH PROVINSI BALI NOMOR 4 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG DESA ADAT DI BALI, PROVINSI BALI § (2019).
Rahmadi, Takdir. “Mediasi Penyelesaian Sengketa Melalui Pendekaran Mufakat.” In Mediasi Penyelesaian Sengketa Melalui Pendekaran Mufakat, 1. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2017.
Ramadhan, Syafrizal, et al. “Harmonisasi Hukum Adat Dan Konstitusi Nasional: Studi Konflik Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam Di Indonesia Ramadhan.” Nusantara; Journal for Southeast Asian Islamic Studies 20, no. 2 (2024). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/nusantara.v20i2.33987.
Revina, Dea, Nyana Kumara, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Udayana, Desak Putu, Dewi Kasih, Fakultas Hukum, et al. “Peran Desa Adat Dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Lahan Untuk Pariwisata ( Studi Kasus Di Desa Adat Sanur Kaja ).” Jurnal Kertha Desa 8, no. 12 (2020).
Sudantra, I Ketut. Pengakuan Peradilan Adat Dalam Politik Hukum Kekuasaan Kehakiman. Denpasar: Swasta nulus, 2016.
Suwitra, I Made, I Ketut Selamet, and Luh Kade Datrini. “Penguatan Kapasitas Lpd Desa Adat Di Bali Melalui Penyuratan Awig-Awig.” Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 50, no. 3 (2021): 676. https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol50.no3.2762.
Tribune, Bali. “Warga Taro Dikanorayang, Kemenkumham Turun Tangan.” Bali Tribune, 2022.
Undang-Undang. UNDANG-UNDANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 6 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG DESA, Republik Indonesia § (2014). https://doi.org/10.1145/2904081.2904088.
Undang-Undang Dasar NRI. Undang- Undang Dasar Neraga Republik Indonesi 1945 (1945).
Utari, Ni Made Mariska Ayu, and Gede Indra Pramana Piers Andreas Noak. “PERAN DESA ADAT DALAM KONFLIK SOSIAL: STUDI KASUS KONFLIK TANAH ANTARA DESA ADAT KLECUNG DAN PURI KERAMBITAN DI TABANAN, BALI.” Triwikrama: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial 4, no. 12 (2024): 40–50. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.6578/triwikrama.v4i12.5918.
Wayan P. Windia. Mengenal Hukum Adat Bali. Bali: Pustaka Ekspresi, 2023.
Widyantara, I Gede Suka, I Ketut Sukadana, and Diah Gayatri Sudibya. “Peranan Bendesa Dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Tanah Waris Di Desa Adat Buduk.” Jurnal Analogi Hukum 2, no. 1 (March 4, 2020): 32–36. https://doi.org/10.22225/ah.2.1.1606.32-36.
Windia, Wayan P. & I ketut Sudantra. Pengantar Hukum Adat Bali. Pengantar Hukum Adat Bali. Denpasar: Udayana University Press, 2016.
Wirnaya. “Kasus Sengketa Tanah, Desa Adat Lakukan Gugatan Balik.” Balipost, 2021.
Yulianingsih, Wiwin. “Perlindungan Represif Dalam Awig-Awig Di Bali Pada Penyelesaian Sengketa Adat.” Unes Law Review 6, no. 4 (2024): 9889–97. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Dewa Krisna Prasada, Ni Putu Sawitri Nandari; Kadek Julia Mahadewi; Komang Satria Wibawa Putra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
