Reconstructing the Obligation of Restitutio in Integrum in Void Agreements under Indonesian Law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33506/js.v12i3.5300Keywords:
Null and Void, Return the Original State, Contract, Legal CertaintyAbstract
This research aims to analyze the urgency and legal regulation of the obligation to restore the original condition as a consequence of a contract that is null and void by law in Indonesia.
The method This normative legal research uses a statutory approach, a conceptual approach and a case approach with primary legal materials (Civil Code, court decisions), secondary (textbooks, journals) and is analyzed descriptively qualitatively.
The novelty of this research lies in the reconstruction of the legal consequences of a voidable contract through the reinforcement of the obligation of restitutio in integrum as an integral part of a judge’s ruling.
The research findings indicates that Article 1265 of the Civil Code only regulates the restoration of the original state for contracts with the condition of being void, not contracts that are void by operation of law. This lack of regulation results in inconsistent court decisions in determining the restitution mechanism and has the potential to create legal uncertainty for the parties and harm the interests of third parties.
The conclusion of this study is the urgency of the obligation to restore the original state is a logical consequence of the principle of retitutio in integrum which requires the formation of new norms in the Civil Code in order to realize legal certainty through court decisions. This study offers a normative and jurisprudential basis for the reformulation of Article 1265 of the Civil Code to include void agreements.
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