Pemanfaatan Limbah Obat Kedaluwarsa sebagai Adsorben dalam Pengolahan Air Limbah Rumah Sakit
Bahasa Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33506/ceej.v3i2.5606Kata Kunci:
Limbah obat kadaluarsa, uji adsorpsi, adsorben, pengolahan air limbah, proses karbonisasiAbstrak
Limbah obat kedaluwarsa merupakan salah satu sumber pencemar yang semakin mendapat perhatian karena kandungan senyawa aktifnya dapat bertahan lama di lingkungan dan menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap kualitas air. Rumah sakit sebagai fasilitas kesehatan menghasilkan limbah farmasi dalam jumlah signifikan, baik berupa obat cair maupun padat yang tidak lagi digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan limbah obat kedaluwarsa sebagai bahan baku pembuatan adsorben melalui proses karbonisasi dan aktivasi, sehingga dapat digunakan dalam pengolahan air limbah rumah sakit. Metode penelitian meliputi pengumpulan limbah obat, proses karbonisasi pada suhu tinggi, serta aktivasi kimia untuk meningkatkan luas permukaan dan kapasitas adsorpsi. Uji adsorpsi dilakukan terhadap parameter COD, BOD, dan logam berat pada sampel air limbah rumah sakit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adsorben berbasis limbah obat mampu menurunkan kadar COD dan BOD hingga 60%, serta menunjukkan kemampuan menyerap ion logam berat dengan efisiensi yang cukup tinggi. Dibandingkan dengan adsorben komersial, adsorben dari limbah obat memiliki kinerja yang kompetitif sekaligus menawarkan solusi ramah lingkungan dan berbiaya rendah. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pemanfaatan limbah obat kedaluwarsa tidak hanya mengurangi potensi pencemaran, tetapi juga mendukung konsep circular economy dalam pengelolaan limbah farmasi
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