Casuarina: Environmental Engineering Journal
Judul Jurnal : CASUARINA Subjudul : Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Frekuensi : 2 edisi per tahun Titik : April dan Oktober Status Jurnal : Akses terbuka Pemimpin Redaksi : Anif Farida, S.Si., M.Sc. Redaktur Pelaksana : Azalia Fajri Yasin, ST, MT Penerbit : LRI Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong Analisis Kutipan : Google Cendekia | Garuda Rasio Penerimaan : 90% Casuarina merupakan jurnal bidang Teknik Lingkungan yang ruang lingkupnya meliputi Pengelolaan dan Kebijakan Lingkungan Hidup, Mitigasi Dampak Lingkungan, Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam, Pencerahan Lingkungan, Pengelolaan Kualitas Air, Ekologi Lingkungan, Sistem Informasi Geografis Lingkungan Hidup, dan Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai Ramah Lingkungan. Jurnal ini menerbitkan artikel penelitian asli, observasi, dan fitur khusus tentang Teknik lingkungan. Jurnal ilmiah peer-review yang diterbitkan oleh LPPM Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong (UNAMIN), Indonesia. Nomor E-ISSN: 3031-2744
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Study of Pharmaceutical Compound Degradation in Liquid Waste Using Environmentally Friendly Nanotechnology-Based Photocatalysts
Pharmaceutical compounds discharged into aquatic environments, such as antibiotics and analgesics, are resistant to natural degradation and pose risks including microbial resistance and ecological imbalance. This study investigates the application of nanotechnology-based photocatalysts, specifically TiO₂ nanostructures, for the degradation of pharmaceutical pollutants in wastewater. The photocatalyst was synthesized using a sol-gel method and characterized by XRD and SEM to confirm its crystalline structure and morphology. Degradation experiments were conducted on paracetamol and selected antibiotics under UV irradiation. Results indicated that TiO₂ nanostructured photocatalysts achieved up to 75% degradation within 120 minutes. The photocatalytic mechanism involves the generation of hydroxyl radicals that attack the chemical bonds of pharmaceutical compounds, producing simpler and less harmful byproducts. Enhanced degradation efficiency was observed with increased light intensity and larger surface area of the photocatalyst. Compared to conventional treatment methods, this approach is energy-efficient and does not generate hazardous residues. The findings highlight the potential of nanotechnology-based photocatalysis as a sustainable solution for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment, aligning with green technology initiatives in environmental engineering.
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Identification, Design of Temporary Storage Sites (TPS), and Evaluation of Hazardous and Toxic Waste (B3) Management at PT XYZ's Can Printing Facility
The management of hazardous and toxic waste (B3) is the responsibility of companies to protect the ecosystem in the surrounding environment. This article analyzes the management of B3 waste and temporary storage designs by comparing them with existing regulations. PT XYZ is a company engaged in the printing of tin packaging, a process that produces B3 waste that needs to be handled. The data collection techniques used include secondary data, namely interviews (individual interviews) and observations. Meanwhile, secondary data collection techniques include analysis of environmental documents such as regulations and literature. The results show that the largest amount of hazardous waste generated at PT XYZ is from used majun cloth, which is 103.23 kg/day. Meanwhile, air pollution control filters produced the least amount of waste at 0.16 kg/day. The management process began with the identification of hazardous waste, temporary storage of hazardous waste, transportation to the hazardous waste storage site, weighing and recording the amount of hazardous waste, storage of hazardous waste at the hazardous waste storage site, and finally, delivery to a third party. The hazardous waste storage and arrangement are in accordance with regulations. Labeling and symbolization of each characteristic of hazardous waste produced in the factory area. The conformity score between the evaluation of hazardous waste management at PT XYZ and Regulation of the Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 6 of 2021 is 72.73%.
Analysis of the Impact of Pharmaceutical Waste on Water Quality and Bioremediation-Based Treatment Efforts
Pharmaceutical waste discharged into aquatic environments can significantly deteriorate water quality and disrupt ecosystems. Even at low concentrations, active pharmaceutical compounds may induce physiological changes in aquatic organisms and contribute to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. This study aims to analyze the impact of pharmaceutical waste on water quality and evaluate bioremediation using indigenous microorganisms as a sustainable treatment approach. Water samples contaminated with pharmaceutical residues were collected near healthcare facilities. Parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and pharmaceutical concentrations were measured. Indigenous microorganisms capable of metabolizing pharmaceutical compounds were identified and applied in bioremediation experiments over 14 days. Results revealed a 50% reduction in pharmaceutical residues, accompanied by improved water quality indicators, including increased DO and decreased COD. The microorganisms demonstrated adaptability to polluted environments and utilized pharmaceutical compounds as energy sources. These findings underscore the potential of bioremediation as an eco-friendly strategy for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. The study contributes to the development of sustainable waste management practices, emphasizing the role of local microbial resources in mitigating environmental pollution.
Utilization of Expired Drug Waste as an Adsorbent in Hospital Wastewater Treatment
Expired pharmaceutical waste is increasingly recognized as a significant environmental pollutant due to its persistent active compounds that can contaminate water systems. Hospitals generate substantial amounts of pharmaceutical waste, including unused liquid and solid drugs. This study aims to utilize expired drugs as raw material for adsorbent production through carbonization and chemical activation processes, thereby offering a sustainable solution for hospital wastewater treatment. The methodology involved collecting expired drugs, subjecting them to high-temperature carbonization, and applying chemical activation to enhance surface area and adsorption capacity. Adsorption tests were conducted on hospital wastewater samples, focusing on COD, BOD, and heavy metal parameters. Results demonstrated that drug-derived adsorbents reduced COD and BOD levels by up to 60% and showed significant efficiency in heavy metal removal. Compared to commercial adsorbents, the performance of expired drug-based adsorbents was competitive, while also being cost-effective and environmentally friendly. This research highlights the dual benefits of reducing pharmaceutical waste and providing an alternative adsorbent material for wastewater treatment. The findings support the concept of circular economy in pharmaceutical waste management, emphasizing resource recovery and environmental sustainability.
The Effect of Batik Wax Waste Composition on the Quality and Emissions of Bio-Coke from Mushroom Biochar Baglogs
Batik wax waste and oyster mushroom baglog waste have high potential as raw materials for biomass-based alternative energy. Batik wax waste contains carbon with a calorific value of approximately 42 MJ/kg, while mushroom baglog waste has a high lignocellulose content that functions as a natural adhesive. This study aimed to determine the effect of varying the composition of batik wax waste on the quality and emissions of pyrolyzed mushroom baglog waste-based bio-coke. Mushroom baglog waste was pyrolyzed at 350–400°C for three hours, then mixed with batik wax waste in varying concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, with a total mass of 100 grams each. The pressing process was carried out using a Leybold-Heraeus Compact MDP 10-1 machine with a pressure of 2 tons. Bio-coke characterization included proximate tests (moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and fixed carbon), calorific value using a Parr-6400 Calorimeter, and exhaust emissions using a KOENG KEG-500 Automotive Gas Analyzer. Results showed that increasing the composition of batik wax waste increased the calorific value from 20.37 MJ/kg (P10) to 27.31 MJ/kg (P50). Ash content decreased from 30.2% to 24.88%, while volatile matter increased from 16% to 26.5%. CO and HC emissions decreased significantly, approaching zero at mixtures of ≥20%. Thus, the addition of batik wax waste can improve energy efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions, making pyrolysis-derived bio-coke suitable for development as an environmentally friendly fuel to replace firewood in the small industrial sector.