Studi Dasar Kesehatan Lingkungan di Kecamatan Hu’u, Sumbawa Barat, NTB, Indonesia
Bahasa Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33506/ceej.v3i1.4937Kata Kunci:
Kualitas Udara, Kualitas Lingkungan, Kualitas Air Tanah, Kualitas TanahAbstrak
Kualitas lingkungan yang baik sangat penting untuk mendukung kehidupan dan perkembangan masyarakat secara optimal. Kecamatan Hu’u, Kabupaten Dompu, memiliki potensi sumber daya alam yang melimpah, namun aktivitas manusia, terutama pertanian, dapat memengaruhi kondisi lingkungan setempat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kondisi kesehatan lingkungan di Kecamatan Hu’u dengan fokus pada parameter kualitas air tanah, tanah, dan udara berdasarkan standar Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2023. Sampling kualitas lingkungan dilakukan pada periode bulan basah (Februari–Maret 2023) di sembilan lokasi untuk air tanah, sepuluh lokasi untuk sampel tanah, dan lima lokasi untuk pemantauan udara di sekitar desa-desa di Kecamatan Hu’u. Analisis fisika, kimia, dan mikrobiologi dilakukan untuk menilai kualitas air dan tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa parameter air tanah, seperti warna, kekeruhan, dan total padatan terlarut (TDS), melebihi ambang batas yang ditetapkan, kemungkinan akibat zat organik alami, pelarutan mineral, dan aktivitas pertanian. Total koliform terdeteksi di beberapa titik yang mengindikasikan potensi kontaminasi limbah domestik, meskipun Escherichia coli tidak ditemukan. Konsentrasi logam berat Barium (Ba), Tembaga (Cu), dan Seng (Zn) pada beberapa lokasi tanah melebihi baku mutu, diduga berhubungan dengan aktivitas pertanian dan karakter geologi aktif. Selain itu, kualitas udara untuk parameter kimia udara ambien masih tergolong baik, namun konsentrasi karbon monoksida (CO) perlu menjadi prioritas pemantauan karena berpotensi meningkat akibat aktivitas pembakaran limbah pertanian. Temuan ini menjadi dasar penting dalam penyusunan kebijakan pengelolaan lingkungan yang adaptif di wilayah Hu’u guna menjaga keberlanjutan ekosistem dan kualitas hidup masyarakat.
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