Identification of Secondary Metabolite Compounds in Nutgrass (Cyperus rotundus L.) Using Different Solvents Types
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33506/md.v15i3.2788Keywords:
Nutgrass, Secondary Metabolite Compounds, Polar, Non-PolarAbstract
Nutgrass is a common weed often found in agricultural fields. Its high population in agricultural land can have negative implications for farmers as it may prevent farmed crops from growing and producing as well. However, nutgrass has the potential to be developed into a biopesticide due to its phytochemical compounds. The purpose of this study is to identify secondary metabolite compounds present in nutgrass extract. On nutgrass extracts, the study used phytochemical screening techniques with ethanol (polar) and n-hexane (non-polar) solvents. According to the findings, ethanol and n-hexane solvents produced nutgrass extract yields of 10.81% and 0.65%, respectively. Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids were all present in nutgrass extracts made with ethanol, whereas only steroid components were present in extracts made with n-hexane. Saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids are only a few of the secondary metabolite substances found in nutgrass extracts.
References
Agustina, E., Andiarna, F., Lusiana, N., Purnamasari, R., & Irfan Hadi, M. (2018). Identifikasi Senyawa Aktif dari Ekstrak Daun Jambu Air (Syzygium aqueum) dengan Perbandingan Beberapa Pelarut pada Metode Maserasi. BIOTROPIC The Journal of Tropical Biology, 2(2). http://jurnalsaintek.uinsby.ac.id/index.php/biotropic
Bajwa, A. A., Mahajan, G., & Chauhan, B. S. (2015). Nonconventional Weed Management Strategies for Modern Agriculture. Weed Science, 63(4), 723–747. https://doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-15-00064.1
Dewen, Q. (2015). Analysis of the Development Situation and Trends of Biological Pesticides in China. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 31(5), 679–684. https://doi.org/10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2015.05.008
Dhanraj, N. B., Kadam, M. S., Patil, K. N., & Mane, V. S. (2013). Photochemical Screening and Antibacterial of Western Region Wild Leaf Colocasia esculenta. International Research Journal Of Biological Sciences, 2(10), 18–21.
Diaconu, A., Ţenu, I., Roşca, R., & Cârlescu, P. (2017). Researches regarding the reduction of pesticide soil pollution in vineyards. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 108, 135–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PSEP.2016.09.016
Doughari, J. H. (2012). Phytochemicals: Extraction Methods, Basic Structures and Mode of Action as Potential Chemotherapeutic Agents. www.intechopen.com
Ergina, E., Nuryanti, S., & Pursitasari, I. D. (2014). Uji kualitatif senyawa metabolit sekunder pada daun palado (Agave angustifolia) yang diekstraksi dengan pelarut air dan etanol. J. Akad. Kim, 3(3), 165–172.
Fajarullah, A., Irawan, H., & Pratomo A. (2014). Ekstraksi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Lamun Thalassodendron ciliatum Pada Pelarut Berbeda. Jurnal Umrah, 1(1), 1–15. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322055827
FAO. (2017). Evaluation of certain contaminants in food. http://www.who.int/bookorders
Febriyenti, Suharti, N., Lucida, H., Husni, E., & Sedona, O. (2018). Karakterisasi dan Studi Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Ekstrak Etanol Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.). Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis, 5(1), 23–27.
Guo, H., Sun, F., Pan, C., Yang, B., & Li, Y. (2021). The deviation of the behaviors of rice farmers from their stated willingness to apply biopesticides—a study carried out in jilin province of China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116026
Irfan, M. (2016). Pestisida Nabati Terhadap Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman. Jurnal Agroteknologi, 6(2), 39–45.
Julianto, T. S. (2019). Fitokimia Tinjauan Metabolit Sekunder dan Skrining Fitokimia. Universitas Islam Indonesia.
Kokate, C. K. (2001). Pharmacognosy 16th Edition. Nirali Prakashan.
Li, H., Wang, F., Li, J., Deng, S., & Zhang, S. (2021). Adsorption of three pesticides on polyethylene microplastics in aqueous solutions: Kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, and molecular dynamics simulation. Chemosphere, 264, 128556. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2020.128556
Murugesan, R., Vasuki, K., Kaleeswaran, B., Santhanam, P., Ravikumar, S., Alwahibi, M. S., Soliman, D. A., Mohsen Ahmed Almunqedhi, B., & Alkahtani, J. (2021). Insecticidal and repellent activities of Solanum torvum (Sw.) leaf extract against stored grain Pest, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Journal of King Saud University - Science, 33(3), 101390. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JKSUS.2021.101390
Muta’ali, R., & Purwani, K. I. (2015). Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Beluntas (Plucheaindica) terhadap Mortalitas dan Perkembangan Larva Spodoptera litura F. Jurnal Sains & Seni ITS, 4(2), 55–58.
Ojo, G. T., & Umar, I. (2013). Evaluation of Some Botanicals on Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum, Mill) in Yola Adamawa State, Nigeria. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 5(2), 31–36.
Oladunni, O. M., Abass, O. O., & Adisa, A. I. (2011). Studies on Physicochemical Properties of Oil, Minerals and Nutritional Composition of Nut of Nut Grass (Cyperus rotundus). American Journal of Food Technology, 6(12), 1061–1064.
Panizzi, A. R. (2013). History and Contemporary Perspectives of the Integrated Pest Management of Soybean in Brazil. Neotropical Entomology, 42(2), 119–127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-013-0111-y
Peerzada, A. M., Ali, H. H., Naeem, M., Latif, M., Bukhari, A. H., & Tanveer, A. (2015). Cyperus rotundus L.: Traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 174, 540–560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.012
Peshin, R., & Dhawan, A. K. (2009). Integrated pest management. In Integrated Pest Management (Vol. 1). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8992-3
Prayogo, Y., & Santi Yudha Ika Bayu, M. (2020). Pengembangan teknologi pengendalian hama utama kacang hijau menggunakan biopestisida. Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia, 17(2), 70. https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.17.2.70
Purwati, S., Lumowa, S. V. T., & Samsurianto. (2017). Skrining Fitokimia Daun Saliara (Lantana camara L) Sebagai Pestisida Nabati Penekan Hama Dan Insidensi Penyakit Pada Tanaman Holtikultura di Kalimantan Timur. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kimia, 153–158.
Rao, M. S., Umamaheswari, R., Priti, K., Rajinikanth, R., Grace, G. N., Kamalnath, M., Prabu, P., Kumar, R. M., Chaya, M. K., & Vidyashree. (2016). Role of Biopesticides in the Management of Nematodes and Associated Diseases in Horticultural Crops. In Plant, Soil and Microbes (pp. 117–148). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27455-3_7
Razaq, M., Aslam, M., Saleem, M. A., & Khan, H. (2013). Patterns of Insecticides used on Cotton Before Introduction of Genetically Modified Cotton in Southern Punjab. In Pakistan Article in Pakistan Journal of Zoology. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287422347
Saenong, M. S. (2017). Tumbuhan Indonesia Potensial sebagai Insektisida Nabati untuk Mengendalikan Hama Kumbang Bubuk Jagung (Sitophilus spp.). Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pertanian, 35(3), 131. https://doi.org/10.21082/jp3.v35n3.2016.p131-142
Shardul, K., Swati, J., Prajakta, K., Prafullachandra, T., Santosh, P., & Arun, R. (2013). Proximate Analysis of Peel and Seed of Annona Squamosa (Custard Apple) Fruit. In Research Journal of Chemical Sciences ISSN 2231-606X (Vol. 3, Issue 2). www.isca.in
Sihombing, A., Fatonah, S., & Silviana, F. (2012). Pengaruh Alelopati Calopogonium mucunoides Desv. terhadap Perkecambahan dan Pertumbuhan Anakan Gulma Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson. Biospecies, 5(2), 5–11.
Suryandari, M., & Kusumo, G. G. (2022). Artikel Penelitian Identifikasi Senyawa metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Kulit Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.) dari Berbagai Macam Pelarut Identification of Secondary Metabolites of Onion Peels Extract (Allium cepa L.) of Various Solvent. Journal Pharmasci (Journal of Pharmacy and Science, 7(2).
Tampubolon, K., Sihombing, F. N., Purba, Z., Samosir, S. T. S., & Karim, S. (2018). Potensi metabolit sekunder gulma sebagai pestisida nabati di Indonesia Potency of secondary metabolite from weeds as natural pesticides in Indonesia. Kultivasi, 17(3), 683–693.
Tjandra, R. F., Fatimawali, ., & Datu, O. S. (2020). Analisis Senyawa Alkaloid dan Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Buah Sirih (Piper betle L) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Jurnal E-Biomedik, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.35790/ebm.v8i2.28963
Wang, W., Zhang, L., & Sun, X. (2021). Improvement of two-stage composting of green waste by addition of eggshell waste and rice husks. Bioresource Technology, 320, 124388. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2020.124388
Wang, Y., Wang, Y., & Zhu, Y. (2018). What could encourage farmers to choose non-chemical pest management? Evidence from apple growers on the Loess Plateau of China. Crop Protection, 114, 53–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CROPRO.2018.08.015
War, A. R., Paulraj, M. G., Ahmad, T., Buhroo, A. A., Hussain, B., Ignacimuthu, S., & Sharma, H. C. (2012). Mechanisms of plant defense against insect herbivores. Plant Signaling & Behavior, 7(10), 1306–1320. https://doi.org/10.4161/psb.21663
Yulvianti, M., Meida Sari, R., & Rujatul Amaliah, E. (2014). Pengaruh Perbandingan Campuran Pelarut N-Heksana-Etanol Terhadap Kandungan Sitronelal Hasil Ekstraksi Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus). In Jurnal Integrasi Proses (Vol. 5, Issue 1). http://jurnal.untirta.ac.id/index.php/jip
Zhang, Q. (2015). Effects Of Extraction Solvents On Phytochemicals And Antioxidant Activities Of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Green Husk Extracts. In European Journal of Food Science and Technology (Vol. 3, Issue 5). www.eajournals.org
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA)Â that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
