Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Peran Etnis Bugis-Makassar dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Kota Sorong Tahun 2024

Authors

  • Masni Banggu Universitas Hasanuddin
  • Gustiana A Kambo Universitas Hasanuddin
  • Muhammad Al-Hamid Universitas Hasanuddin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33506/jn.v12i2.6213

Abstract

This study aims to analyze public perceptions of the role of the Bugis-Makassar ethnic group in the 2024 mayoral election in Sorong City, Southwest Papua. Questionnaire data from 348 randomly and proportionally sampled voters were analyses descriptively across five perception dimensions: social, political, economic, cultural, and interethnic relations. The results show that public perceptions are positive and fall into the high category across all dimensions (overall mean = 3.56). The political dimension scored highest (3.60), followed by interethnic relations (3.58), social (3.56), economic (3.53), and cultural (3.53). Item-level analysis reveals a consistent pattern: statements describing visible participation and cross-ethnic cooperation, such as involvement in social activities and collaboration with local communities, received the highest scores, whereas statements attributing causal or instrumental influence, such as shaping candidates’ policies or using tradition to attract voter sympathy, received the lowest. These findings indicate that the Bugis-Makassar community is recognized as a partner in multicultural local democracy rather than as a dominant group, a form of acceptance closely tied to the accommodation between indigenous Papuans and migrant communities in Sorong’s electoral politics.

References

Ananta, A., Utami, D. R. W. W., & Handayani, N. B. (2016). Statistics on ethnic diversity in the land of Papua, Indonesia. Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies, 3(3), 458–474. https://doi.org/10.1002/app5.143

Aspinall, E. (2011). Democratization and ethnic politics in Indonesia: Nine theses. Journal of East Asian Studies, 11(2), 289–319. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1598240800007190

Aspinall, E., & Berenschot, W. (2019). Democracy for sale: Elections, clientelism, and the state in Indonesia. Cornell University Press. https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501732997

Berenschot, W., & Aspinall, E. (2020). How clientelism varies: Comparing patronage democracies. Democratization, 27(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2019.1645129

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Darus, M. R., Abdullah, I., Qodir, Z., & Jubba, H. (2024). Beyond borders: The dynamic role of Papuan Muslims in governing special autonomy. Otoritas: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 14(3), 679–692. https://doi.org/10.26618/ojip.v14i3.16604

Dinesen, P. T., Schaeffer, M., & Sønderskov, K. M. (2020). Ethnic diversity and social trust: A narrative and meta-analytical review. Annual Review of Political Science, 23, 441–465. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-052918-020708

Fox, C. (2018). Candidate-centric systems and the politicization of ethnicity: Evidence from Indonesia. Democratization, 25(7), 1190–1209. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2018.1461207

Muhammad Rusdi Rasyid. (2014). The Social Interaction Pattern of the Ethnic Bugis Makassar the Dynamics of the Religious Life Harmony in Sorong.

Muhtadi, B. (2019). Vote buying in Indonesia: The mechanics of electoral bribery. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6779-3

Pamungkas, C., & Indriasari, D. T. (2021). Preventing religious conflict in Papua land: Adopting cultural traditions of peacebuilding. Asian Journal of Peacebuilding, 9(2), 331–356. https://doi.org/10.18588/202108.00a119

Putnam. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community.

Rasyid, M. R. (2014). Pola interaksi sosial etnis Bugis Makassar: Dinamika kerukunan hidup umat beragama di Kota Sorong. Al-Qalam, 20(1), 75–88. https://doi.org/10.31969/alq.v20i1.179

Rasyid, S., Yani, A., Hamzah, S., & Aksa, A. (2026). Reinterpreting historical traces: The socio-political dynamics of Bugis–Makassar society after the 17th-century Bungaya Treaty. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 13(1), 2604957. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2025.2604957

Sasmita, A. S. (2023). Ethnicity and democracy: Managing political complexities in West Papua. Muslim Politics Review, 2(1), 112–132. https://doi.org/10.56529/mpr.v2i1.145

Sugiyono. (2020). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.

Taber, K. S. (2018). The use of Cronbach’s alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education, 48(6), 1273–1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2

Tang, B., Idris, I., & Isnandar, A. (2023). Bugis ethnic migration strategy increasing sembako kiosks business in Kayu Putih Village, Kupang City. International Journal of Social Science Research and Review, 6(6), 271–278. https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v6i6.1302

Zhou, M., & Liu, H. (2016). Homeland engagement and host-society integration: A comparative study of new Chinese immigrants in the United States and Singapore. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 57(1–2), 30–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020715216637210

Published

2026-11-01

How to Cite

Banggu, M., Kambo, G. A., & Al-Hamid, M. (2026). Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Peran Etnis Bugis-Makassar dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Kota Sorong Tahun 2024. Jurnal Noken: Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 12(2), 378–389. https://doi.org/10.33506/jn.v12i2.6213