Dampak Embargo Gas Rusia Terhadap Transisi Energi di Jerman Tahun 2022

Authors

  • Fadhil Rachmanda Student
  • Ali Muhyidin
  • Muhammad Imam

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33506/jn.v10i1.3333

Abstract

This research discusses how the Russian gas embargo to Germany as a result of the Russia-Ukraine conflict impacts the energy transition policy in Germany. By using qualitative methods and collecting data from secondary data, this research sees that the energy transition policy or energiewende carried out by the German government occurs not only because of external factors, but also internal factors, namely increasing concern for the environment and energy security. Energiewende is not an easy step to take, because Germany is still dependent on Russian gas. Researchers found that Germany can maintain energy stability by adapting policies by implementing several alternative policies, one of which is the temporary activation of coal-fired power plants while taking other preventive measures.

References

Aidt, T., Albornoz, F., & Hauk, E. (2021). Foreign influence and domestic policy. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.51406

Åslund, A. (2020). Western economic sanctions on Russia over Ukraine, 2014-2019. CESifo

Forum, 20(4).

Berkhout, F., Marcotullio, P., & Hanaoka, T. (2012). Understanding energy transitions. Sustainability Science, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-012-0173-5

Hake, J. F., Fischer, W., Venghaus, S., & Weckenbrock, C. (2015). The German Energiewende - History and status quo. Energy, 92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.04.027

Kędzierski, M. (2022). A dangerous dependence on Russia. Germany and the gas crisis. OSW Centre for Eastern Studies. https://www.osw.waw.pl/sites/default/files/OSW_Commentary_427_eng_0.pdf

Lee, H., & Lee, J.-S. (2019). The Paths of German Energy Transition: An Institutional Analysis. Journal of International and Area Studies, 26(2).

Moll, B., Schularick, M., & Zachmann, G. (2023). Not even a recession: The great German gas debate in retrospect. ECONtribute Policy Brief.

Ruhnau, O., Stiewe, C., Muessel, J., & Hirth, L. (2023). Natural gas savings in Germany during the 2022 energy crisis. Nature Energy, 8(6). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-023-01260-5

Stefanov, R.Vladimirov, M. Köppen, M. (2023). Strategic Decoupling: Phasing

out Russian economic Influence in Germany. Potsdam-Babelsberg: Friedrich Naumann Foundation.

Sweeny, K. (2008). Crisis Decision Theory: Decisions in the Face of Negative Events. Psychological Bulletin, 134(1). https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.134.1.61

Sumber dari internet:

Alkoussa, R. (2023, January 5). Germany Lagging Emissions Goals Despite Renewables Boom - Think Tank. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/germany-lagging-emissions-goals-despite

Aljazeera. (2022, November 29). QatarEnergy, ConocoPhillips sign LNG deal for Germany.

https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/11/29/qatarenergy-conocophillips-sign-lng-deal-for-germany

AP. (2022, July, 16). Germany’s increased coal, oil use will be temporary, Scholz says. CNBC

News. https://www.cnbc.com/2022/07/16/germanys-increased-coal-oil-use-will-be-temporary-scholz-says.html

BBC. (2023, January 19). Germany says it is no longer reliant on Russian energy. https://www.bbc.com/news/business-64312400

Buli, N. (2022, August 16). Norway delivers all the gas it can to Germany -Norway PM. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSL1N2ZR1GY/

Bundesnetzagentur. (2023, January 6). Bundesnetzagentur publishes gas supply figures for

[Press Release]. https://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/SharedDocs/Pressemitteilungen/EN/2023/20230105_RueckblickGas2022.html

BMWK. (2022, July 8). Bundesrat approves largest acceleration package for expansion of

renewables in decades and expands toolbox for precautionary measures [Press Release]. https://www.bmwk.de/Redaktion/EN/Pressemitteilungen/2022/07/20220708-bundesrat-approves-largest-acceleration-package-for-expansion-of-renewables-in-decades-and-expands-toolbox-for-precautionary-measures.html

Chen, Y. Shen, G. (2022, August 12). Germany is on Track to Meeting its Gas Saving Target. IMF. https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2022/08/11/CF-Germany-on-track-to-meet-gas-saving-target#:~:text=Like%20other%20European%20Union%20member,track%20to%20achieve%20this%20target.

Connolly, K. (2022, July 8). Germany to reactivate coal power plants as Russia curbs gas flow.

The Guardian.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jul/08/germany-reactivate-coal-power-plants-russia-curbs-gas-flow

Eckert, V. (2022a, November 2). Germany fires up extra coal power capacity to plug winter

supplies. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/germany-fires-up-extra-coal-power-capacity-plug-winter-supplies-2022-11-02/

Eckert, V. (2022b, November 18). Germans Face More Power And Gas Price Hikes In January.

Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/germans-face-more-power-gas-price-hikes-january-portal-2022-11-18/

Faiola, A. Guinan-Bank, V. (2022, October 14). Germany Got Rich On Exports And Cheap Russian Gas. Now, It’s In Trouble. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/10/14/germany-economy-recession-energy-exports/

Hutchinson, B. Reevell. P/ (2022, March 4). What are the Ukraine 'separatist' regions at the

crux of the Russian invasion. ABC News. https://abcnews.go.com/International/ukraine-separatist-regions-crux-russian-invasion/story?id=83084803

IEA. (n.d). Germany - Countries & Regions. https://www.iea.org/countries/germany

Kraemer, C. Nasr, J. (2022, April 6). Germany unveils plans to accelerate green energy

expansion. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germany-present-renewable-energy-expansion-measures-2022-04-05/

Mullet, B. (2022, October 13). Germany starts receiving gas directly from France -pipeline

operator. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/germany-starts-receiving-gas-directly-france-pipeline-operator-2022-10-13/

Press and Information Office of the Federal Government of German. (2019, April 16). Largest

Baltic wind farm goes online. https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/service/archive/largest-baltic-wind-farm-goes-online-1601694

Sachs, J. D. (2023). NATO Chief Admits NATO Expansion Was Key to Russian Invasion of

Ukraine. Common Dream. https://www.commondreams.org/opinion/nato-chief-admits-expansion-behind-russian-invasion

Sauer, P. (2022, September 5). Russia will not resume gas supplies to Europe until sanctions

lifted, says Moscow. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/sep/05/russia-will-not-resume-gas-supplies-to-europe-until-sanctions-lifted-says-moscow

Scally, D. (2022, July 10). Germany bracing itself for ‘nightmare’ energy scenario. Irish Times.

https://www.irishtimes.com/business/2022/07/10/germany-bracing-itself-for-nightmare-energy-scenario/

Wehrmann, B. (2021, December 21). Germany’s energy consumption rising, renewables share

falling in 2021. Clean Energy Wire. https://www.cleanenergywire.org/news/germanys-energy-consumption-rising-renewables-share-falling-2021

World Bank, World Development Indicators. (2023). GDP growth (annual %) - Germany [Data

File]. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?end=2022&locations=DE&

start=1971&view=chart

Published

2024-05-10

How to Cite

Fadhil Rachmanda, Ali Muhyidin, & Muhammad Imam. (2024). Dampak Embargo Gas Rusia Terhadap Transisi Energi di Jerman Tahun 2022. Jurnal Noken: Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 10(1), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.33506/jn.v10i1.3333